Technical guide – The use of standards for hot mixes
On 1 March 2008, the product standards in the NF P series will bedefinitively withdrawn and replaced by the new NF EN Frenchstandards derived from European standardization. This document explains the nomenclature and formulation of themixes generally used in France and how they correspond to Europeanstandards.
On 1 March 2008, the product standards in the NF P series will bedefinitively withdrawn and replaced by the new NF EN Frenchstandards derived from European standardization. This document explains the nomenclature and formulation of themixes generally used in France and how they correspond to Europeanstandards. It also sets out the stages of the French mix design process. The series of European standards covers French mixes and othersbesides, for wearing courses, base courses and sub-base and road baselayers. It is therefore necessary to present the information in theEuropean standards to make it suitable for application in the Frenchcontext This technical guide makes it possible to perform this transcription. Itis divided into a number of sections which explain the references tostandards, the bituminous materials used in France, the type tests formixes, the characteristics of the aggregates, the fines, the coatingbinder and the use of reclaimed asphalt. The guide does not deal withrecommendations for laying, but explains where this information canbe found. The guide ends with a series of Annexes containing tables thatsummarize the mix formulations, the minimum characteristics of theaggregates, the performance that is expected of the various types ofmix, ending with a reclaimed asphalt information sheet.
Contents
1 - References to standards, terminology ..................................................... 7
1.1 - References to standards ......................................................................... 7
1.2 - Remarks ..................................................................................................... 9
2 - The bituminous materials used in France, use and characteristics ..... 10
2.1 - Use ............................................................................................................. 10
2.2 - Classification ............................................................................................. 10
2.3 - Characteristics of mixes and road mastic asphalts ...............................11
3 - Type test and level of mix design for bituminous coated materials ..... 12
3.1 - Type test 123.2 - Mix design level ........................................................... 12
4 - Characteristics of the aggregate .................................................................13
5 - The characteristics of fines...........................................................................15
5.1 - The characteristics of fillers ..................................................................... 15
5.2 - Quality of fines and particles < 0.125 mm in sands and graded aggregate 15
6 - Coating binders.............................................................................................. 15
7 - Reclaimed asphalt...........................................................................................16
7.1 - The use of reclaimed asphalt .................................................................... 16
7.2 - Average binder content and its range ...................................................... 16
7.3 - Minimum penetration or maximum TR&B of the binder in the reclaimed asphalt and their ranges 17
7.4 - The grading uniformity of reclaimed asphalt ........................................... 17
7.5 - Intrinsic characteristics and angularity ...................................................... 17
8 - Manufacture, laying, tests (reminder).............................................................18
8.1 - Manufacture ................................................................................................. 18
8.2 - Laying and tests ........................................................................................... 18
9 - How to use this guide.......................................................................................19
Annexe A : Mix design............................................................................................ 20
Annexe B : Minimum specifications for aggregate in mixes .............................22
Annexe C : Performance summary tables Empirical approach ........................23
Annexe D : Performance summary tables Fundamental approach ............... 28
Annexe E : Reclaimed asphalt information sheet .............................................34
Annexe F : List of tables
